ELEMENTOS DA QUESTÃO AGRÁRIA ATUAL

AS AMEAÇAS À REFORMA AGRÁRIA, AOS DIREITOS TERRITORIAIS E À NATUREZA

Abstract

This article was prepared based on the speech given at the speach of the 2024 Brazilian Congress of Geographers, held at the University of São Paulo, entitled The Geography of the Agrarian Question: forms of expropriation, territorialities and control of territory. The objective of the presentation was to address the current challenges of the Brazilian agrarian issue, which have been threatening the possibility of carrying out Agrarian Reform, as well as the territorial rights of traditional peoples and communities, generating violence and environmental devastation. This reflection is based on the dialogue between dependency theory and the notion of the Agribusiness Pact developed by Guilherme Delgado (2011 and 2022). The topics covered were primary-export specialization; mining and energy transition; land grabbing and the role of the legislature in this process; lobbying and cultural industry;  and financialization of agriculture and land. What can be concluded is that the development model perpetuates dependence and underdevelopment, primarily meeting the needs of external economies to the detriment of the demands of the brazilian population.

Keywords: Agrarian issue, primary export specialization, mining, agribusiness